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Monday, October 10, 2011

GATE Last Ten Years EC Question Papers

GATE 2011 ECE Question Paper With Solutions

GATE 2010 ECE Question Paper With Solutions

GATE 2009 ECE Question Paper With Solutions

GATE 2008 ECE Question Paper With Solutions

GATE 2007 ECE Question Paper With Solutions

GATE 2006 ECE Question Paper With Solutions

GATE 2005 ECE Question Paper With Solutions

GATE 2004 ECE Question Paper With Solutions

GATE 2003 ECE Question Paper With Solutions

GATE 2002 ECE Question Paper With Solutions

GATE 2001 ECE Question Paper With Solutions

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GATE 2001 Question Paper With Solutions

SECTION - A
1. This question consists of TWENTY-FIVE sub-questions (1.1 – 1.25) of ONE mark
each. For each of these sub-questions, four possible alternatives (A,B, C and D)
are given, out of which ONLY ONE is correct. Indicate the correct answer by
darkening the appropriate bubble against the question number on the left hand
side of the Objective Response Sheet (ORS). You may use the answer book
provided for any rough work, if needed.

1.5. The region of convergence of the z-transform of a unit step function is
(a) z > 1 (b) z < 1
(c) (Real part of z) > 0 (d) (Real part of z) < 0

1.7. MOSFET can be used as a
(a) current controlled capacitor (b) voltage controlled capacitor
(c) current controlled inductor (d) voltage controlled inductor

1.8. The effective channel length of a MOSFET in saturation decreases with increase in
(a) gate voltage (b) drain voltage
(c) source voltage (d) body voltage

1.10. The 2’s complement representation of –17 is
(a) 01110 (b) 01111 (c) 11110 (d) 10001

1.11. Consider the following two statements:
Statement 1: A stable multi-vibrator can be used for generating square wave.
Statement 2: B stable multi-vibrator can be used for storing binary information.
(a) Only statement 1 is correct
(b) Only statement 2 is correct
(c) Both the statements 1 and 2 are correct
(d) Both the statements 1 and 2 are incorrect

1.13. An 8085 microprocessor based system uses a 4K × 8-bit RAM whose starting
address is AA00. The address of the last byte in this RAM is
(a) 0FFFH (b) 1000 H (c) B9FF H (d) BA00 H

15. If the characteristic equation of a closed-loop system is
s2+2S+2= 0 , then the system is
(a) over damped (b) critically damped
(c) underdamped (d) undamped

1.19. A band limited signal is sampled at the Nyquist rate. The signal can be recovered
by passing the samples through
(a) an RC filter (b) an envelope detector
(c) a PLL
(d) an ideal low-pass filter with appropriate bandwidth

1.21. If a signal f(t) has energy E, the energy of the signal f(2t) is equal to
(a) E (b)E/2 (c) 2E (d) 4E

1.22. A transmission line is distortion-less if
(a)RL=1/GC (b) RL = GC (c) LG = RC (d) RG = LC

1.24. The phase velocity of waves propagating in a hollow metal waveguide is
(a) greater than the velocity of light in free space.
(b) less than the velocity of light in free space.
(c) equal to the velocity of light in free space.
(d) equal to the group velocity.

1.25. The dominant mode in a rectangular waveguide is TE10, because this mode has
(a) no attenuation (b) no cut-off
(c) no magnetic field component (d) the highest cut-off wavelength

2. This question consists of TWENTY-FIVE sub-questions (2.1 – 2.25) of TWO marks
each. For each of these sub-questions, four possible alternatives (A, B, C and D)
are given, out of which ONLY ONE is correct. Indicate the correct answer by
darkening the appropriate bubble against the question number on the left hand
side of the Objective Response Sheet (ORS). You may use the answer book
provided for any rough work, if needed.

2.18 A video transmission system transmits 625 picture frames per second. Each
frame consists of a 400 × 400 pixel grid with 64 intensity levels per pixel. The
data rate of the system is
(a) 16 Mbps (b) 100 Mbps (c) 600 Mbps (d) 6.4 Gbps

2.22 A material has conductivity of 10-2 mho/m and a relative permittivity of 4. The
frequency at which the conduction current in the medium is equal to the
displacement current is
(a) 45 MHz (b) 90 MHz (c) 450 MHz (d) 900 MHz

2.23 A uniform plane electromagnetic wave incident normally on a plane surface of a
dielectric material is reflected with a VSWR of 3. What is the percentage of
incident power that is reflected?
(a) 10% (b) 25% (c) 50% (d) 75%

2.24 A medium wave radio transmitter operating at a wavelength of 492 m has a
tower antenna of height 124m. What is the radiation resistance of the antenna?
(a) 25Ω (b) 36.5Ω (c) 50Ω (d) 73Ω

SECTION – B
This section consists of TWENTY questions of FIVE marks each. Attempt ANY FIFTEEN
questions. Answers must be given in the answer book provided.

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GATE 2002 ECE Question Paper

SECTION – A (75 marks)
1. This question consists of TWENTY-FIVE sub-questions (1.1 – 1.25) of ONE mark
each. For each of these sub-questions, four possible alternatives (A,B, C and D)
are given, out of which ONLY ONE is correct. Indicate the correct answer by
darkening the appropriate bubble against the question number on the left hand
side of the Objective Response Sheet (ORS). You may use the answer book
provided for any rough work, if needed

1.3 Convolution of x(t + 5) with impulse function δ(t – 7) is equal to
(a) x(t - 12) (b) x(t + 12) (c) x(t - 2) (d) x(t + 2)

1.4 Which of the following cannot be the Fourier series expansion of a periodic
signal?
(a) x(t) = 2cos t + 3 cos 3t (b) x(t) = 2cos πt + 7 cos t
(c) x(t) = cos t + 0.5 (d) x(t) = 2cos 1.5πt + sin 3.5 πt

1.6 In a negative feedback amplifier using voltage-series (i.e. voltage-sampling
series mixing) feedback. (Ri and Ro denote the input and output resistance
respectively)
(a) Ri decreases and Ro decreases (b) Ri decreases and Ro increases
(c) Ri increases and Ro decreases (d) Ri increases and Ro increases

1.7 A 741-type op-amp has a gain-bandwidth product of 1 MHz. A non-inverting
amplifier using this op-amp and having a voltage gain of 20 dB will exhibit a 3-dB
bandwidth of
(a) 50 KHz (b) 100 KHz (c)1000/17 KHz (d) 1000/7.07

1.9 4-bit 2’s complement representation of a decimal number is 1000. The number is
(a) +8 (b) 0 (c) -7 (d) -8

1.11 The number of comparators required in a 3-bit comparator type ADC is
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 7 (d) 8

1.18 A linear phase channel with phase delay TP and group delay Tg must have
(a) TP= Tg=constant (b) TP ∝f and Tg∝f
(c) TP = constant and Tg∝f (d) TP ∝f and Tg =constant

1.19. A 1 MHz sinusoidal carrier is amplitude modulated by a symmetrical square wave
of period 100µsec. Which of the following frequencies will NOT be present in the
modulated signal?
(a) 990 KHz (b) 1010 KHz (c) 1020 KHz (d) 1030 KHz

1.21. For a bit-rate of 8 Kbps, the best possible values of the transmitted frequencies
in a coherent binary FSK system are
(a) 16 KHz and 20 KHz (b) 20 KHz and 32 KHz
(c) 20 KHz and 40 KHz (d) 32 KHz and 40 KHz

1.22. The line-of-sight communication requires the transmit and receive antenna to
face each other. If the transmit antenna is vertically polarized, for best reception
the receive antenna should be
(a) horizontally polarized (b) vertically polarized
(c) at 45° with respect to horizontal polarization
(d) at 45° with respect to vertical polarization

1.23. The VSWR can have any value between
(a) 0 and 1 (b) -1 and +1 (c) 0 and ∞ (d) 1 and ∞
1.24. In an impedance Smith chart, a clockwise movement along a constant resistance
circle gives rise to
(a) a decrease in the value of reactance
(b) an increase in the value of reactance
(c) no change in the reactance value
(d) no change in the impedance value

1.25 The phase velocity for the TE10-mode in an air-filled rectangular waveguide is (c is the velocity of plane waves in free space)
(a) less than c (b) equal to c
(c) greater than c (d) none of the above

2. This question consists of TWENTY-FIVE sub-questions (2.1 – 2.25) of TWO marks
each. For each of these sub-questions, four possible alternatives (A,B, C and D)
are given, out of which ONLY ONE is correct. Indicate the correct answer by
darkening the appropriate bubble against the question number on the left hand
side of the Objective Response Sheet (ORS). You may use the answer book
provided for any rough work, if needed.

2.5. An amplifier using an opamp with a slew-rate SR = 1V/µsec has a gain of 40 dB.
If this amplifier has to faithfully amplify sinusoidal signals from dc to 20 KHz
without introducing any slew-rate induced distortion, then the input signal level
must not exceed.
(a) 795 mV (b) 395 mV (c) 79.5 mV (d) 39.5 mV

2.20. A signal x(t) = 100 cos(24π×103)t is ideally sampled with a sampling period of 50 µsec and then passed through an ideal low-pass filter with cutoff frequency of 15
KHz. Which of the following frequencies is/are present at the filter output?
(a) 12 KHz only (b) 8 KHz only
(c) 12 KHz and 9 KHz (d) 12 KHz and 8 KHz

2.25. A person with a receiver is 5 Km away from the transmitter. What is the distance that this person must move further to detect a 3-dB decrease in signal strength?
(a) 942 m (b) 2070 m (c) 4978 m (d) 5320 m

SECTION – B (75 Marks)
This section consists of TWENTY questions (EC3-EC22) of FIVE marks each. Attempt ANY
FIFTEEN questions. Answers must be given in the answer book provided. Answer for
each question must start on a fresh page and must appear at one place only. (Answers
to all parts of a question must appear together).

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GATE 2003 ECE Question Paper

2. A source of angular frequency 1 rad/sec has a source impedance consisting of 1Ω
resistance in series with 1 H inductance. The load that will obtain the maximum
power transfer is
(a) 1 Ω resistance
(b) 1 Ω resistance in parallel with 1 H inductance
(c) 1 Ω resistance in series with 1 F capacitor
(d) 1 Ω resistance in parallel with 1 F capacitor

3. A series RLC circuit has a resonance frequency of 1 kHz and a quality factor Q =
100. If each R, L and C is doubled from its original value, the new Q of the circuit
is
(a) 25 (b) 50 (c) 100 (d) 200

6. n-type silicon is obtained by doping silicon with
(a) Germanium (b) Aluminum (c) Boron (d) Phosphorus

7. The bandgap of silicon at 300 K is
(a) 1.36 eV (b) 1.10 eV (c) 0.80 eV (d) 0.67 eV

9. Choose proper substitutes for X and Y to make the following statement correct
Tunnel diode and Avalanche photodiode are operated in X bias and Y bias
respectively.
(a) X: reverse, Y: reverse (b) X: reverse, Y: forward
(c) X: forward, Y: reverse (d) X: forward, Y: forward

10. For an n-channel enhancement type MOSFET, if the source is connected at a
higher potential than that of the bulk (i.e. VSB > 0), the threshold voltage VT of
the MOSFET will
(a) remain unchanged (b) decrease
(c) change polarity (d) increase

11. Choose the correct match for input resistance of various amplifier configurations
shown below.

Configuration Input resistance
CB: Common Base LO: Low
CC: Common Collector MO: Moderate
CE: Common Emitter HI: High
(a) CB-LO, CC-MO, CE-HI (b) CB-LO, CC-HI, CE-MO
(c) CB-MO, CC-HI, CE-LO (d) CB-HI, CC-LO, CE-MO

14. If the differential voltage gain and the common mode voltage gain of a
differential amplifier are 48 dB and 2 dB respectively, then its common mode
rejection ratio is
(a) 23 dB (b) 25 dB (c) 46 dB (d) 50 dB

15. Generally, the gain of a transistor amplifier falls at high frequencies due to the
(a) internal capacitances of the device
(b) coupling capacitor at the input
(c) skin effect
(d) coupling capacitor at the output

16. The number of distinct Boolean expression of 4 variables is
(a) 16 (b) 256 (c) 1024 (d) 65536

17. The minimum number of comparators required to build an 8 it flash ADC is
(a) 8 (b) 63 (c) 255 (d) 256

18. The output of the 74 series of TTL gates is taken from a BJT in
(a) totem pole and common collector configuration
(b) either totem pole or open collector configuration
(c) common base configuration
(d) common collector configuration

19. Without any additional circuitry, an 8:1 MUX can be used to obtain
(a) some but not all Boolean functions of 3 variables
(b) all function of 3 variables but none of 4 variables
(c) all functions of 3 variables and some but not all of 4 variables
(d) all functions of 4 variables

20. A 0 to 6 counter consists of 3 flip flops and a combination circuit of 2 input
gate(s). The combination circuit consists of
(a) one AND gate (b) one OR gate
(c) one AND gate and one OR gate (d) two AND gates

25. A PD controller is used to compensate a system. Compared to the
uncompensated system, the compensated system has
(a) a higher type number (b) reduced damping
(c) higher noise amplification (d) larger transient overshoot

26. The input to a coherent detector is DSB-SC signal plus noise. The noise at the
detector output is
(a) the in-phase component (b) the quadrature-component
(c) zero (d) the envelope

27. The noise at the input to an ideal frequency detector is white. The detector is
operating above threshold. The power spectral density of the noise at the output
is
(a) raised cosine (b) flat (c) parabolic (d) Gaussian

28. At a given probability of error, binary coherent FSK is inferior to binary coherent
PSK by
(a) 6 dB (b) 3 dB (c) 2 dB (d) 0 dB

29. The unit of ∇ × H is
(a) Ampere (b) Ampere/meter
(c) Ampere/meter2
(d) Ampere-meter

30. The depth of penetration of electromagnetic wave in a medium having
conductivity σ at a frequency of 1 MHz is 25 cm. The depth of penetration at a
frequency of 4 MHz will be
(a) 6.25 cm (b) 12.50 cm (c) 50.00 cm (d) 100.00 cm

31. Twelve 1Ω resistances are used as edges to form a cube. The resistance between
two diagonally opposite corners of the cube is
(a)5/6Ω (b)1/6Ω (c) 6/5Ω (d)3/2Ω

40. Match items in Group 1 with items in Group 2, most suitably.

Group 1 Group 2
P LED 1 Heavy doping
Q Avalanche photodiode 2 Coherent radiation
R Tunnel diode 3 Spontaneous emission
S LASER 4 Current gain
(a) P – 1 Q – 2 R – 4 S - 3 (b) P – 2 Q – 3 R – 1 S - 4
(c) P – 3 Q – 4 R – 1 S - 2 (d) P – 2 Q – 1 R – 4 S - 3

41. At 300 K, for a diode current of 1 mA, a certain germanium diode requires a
forward bias of 0.1435V, whereas a certain silicon diode requires a forward bias
of 0.718V. Under the conditions stated above, the closest approximation of the
ratio of reverse saturation current in germanium diode to that in silicon diode is
(a) 1 (b) 5 (c) 4 × 10000 (d) 8 × 10000

43. When the gate-to-source voltage (VGS) of a MOSFET with threshold voltage of
400mV, working in saturation is 900 mV, the drain current in observed to be 1
mA. Neglecting the channel width modulation effect and assuming that the
MOSFET is operating at saturation, the drain current for an applied VGS of 1400
mV is
(a) 0.5 mA (b) 2.0 mA (c) 3.5 mA (d) 4.0 mA

44. If P is Passivation, Q is n-well implant, R is metallization and S is soruce/drain diffusion, then the order in which they are carried out in a standard n-well CMOS fabrication process, is
(a) P-Q-R-S (b) Q-S-R-P (c) R-P-S-Q (d) S-R-Q-P

45. An amplifier without feedback has a voltage gain of 50, input resistance of 1 KΩ
and output resistance of 2.5 KΩ. The input resistance of the current-shunt
negative feedback amplifier using the above amplifier with a feedback factor of
0.2, is
(a) 1/11KΩ (b)1/5KΩ (c) 5 KΩ (d) 11 KΩ

49. The action of a JFET in its equivalent circuit can best be represented as a
(a) Current Controlled Current Source
(b) Current Controlled Voltage Source
(c) Voltage Controlled Voltage Source
(d) Voltage Controlled Current Source

51. Three identical amplifiers with each one having a voltage gain of 50, input
resistance of 1 KΩ and output resistance of 250Ω, are cascaded. The open circuit
voltage gain of the combined amplifier is
(a) 49 dB (b) 51 dB (c) 98 dB (d) 102 dB

52. An ideal sawtooth voltage waveform of frequency 500 Hz and amplitude 3V is
generated by charging a capacitor of 2 µF in every cycle. The charging requires
(a) constant voltage source of 3 V for 1 ms
(b) constant voltage source of 3 V for 2 ms
(c) constant current source of 3 mA for 1 ms
(d) constant current source of 3 mA for 2 ms

55. A 4 bit ripple counter and a 4 bit synchronous counter are made using flip-flops
having a propagation delay of 10 ns each. If the worst case delay in the ripple
counter and the synchronous counter be R and S respectively, then
(a) R = 10 ns, S = 40 ns (b) R = 40 ns, S = 10 ns
(c) R = 10 ns, S = 30 ns (d) R = 30 ns, S = 10 ns

60. In an 8085 microprocessor, the instruction CMP B has been executed while the
content of the accumulator is less than that of register B. As a result
(a) Carry flag will be set but Zero flag will be reset
(b) Carry flag will be reset but Zero flag will be set
(c) Both Carry flag and Zero flag will be reset
(d) Both Carry flag and Zero flag will be set

61. Let X and Y be two statistically independent random variables uniformly
distributed in the ranges (-1,1) and (-2,1) respectively. Let Z = X + Y. then the
probability that [Z≤-2] is
(a) zero (b)1/6 (c)1/3 (d)1/12

81. The input to a linear delta modulator having a step-size = 0.628 is a sine wave with frequency fm and peak amplitude Em. If the sampling frequency fs = 40 kHz,
the combination of the sine-wave frequency and the peak amplitude, where slope
overload will take place is
Em fm
(a) 0.3 V 8 kHz
(b) 1.5 V 4 kHz
(c) 1.5 V 2 kHz
(d) 3.0 V 1 kHz

82. If S represents the carrier synchronization at the receiver and ρ represents the bandwidth efficiency, then the correct statement for the coherent binary PSK is
(a) ρ = 0.5, S is required (b) ρ = 1.0, S is required
(c) ρ = 0.5, S is not required (d) ρ = 1.0, S is not required

83. A signal is sampled at 8 kHz and is quantized using 8-bit uniform quantizer.
Assuming SNRq for a sinusoidal signal, the correct statement for PCM signal with
a bit rate of R is
(a) R = 32 kbps, SNRq = 25.8 dB (b) R = 64 kbps, SNRq = 49.8 dB
(c) R = 64 kbps, SNRq = 55.8 dB (d) R = 32 kbps, SNRq = 49.8 dB

89. A rectangular metal wave-guide filled with a dielectric material of relative
permitivity εr = 4 has the inside dimensions 3.0cm×1.2cm. The cut-off frequency
for the dominant mode is
(a) 2.5 GHz (b) 5.0 GHz (c) 10.0 GHz (d) 12.5 GHz

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GATE 2004 Electronics and Communication Engg Question Papers

6. The impurity commonly used for realizing the base region of a silicon n-p-n
transistor is
(a) Gallium (b) Indium (c) Boron (d) Phosphorus

7. If for a silicon n-p-n transistor, the base-to-emitter voltage (VBE) is 0.7V and the collector-to-base voltage (VCB) is 0.2V, then the transistor is operating in the
(a) normal active mode (b) saturation mode
(c) inverse active mode (d) cutoff mode

8. Consider the following statements S1 and S2.
S1: The β of a bipolar transistor reduces if the base width is increased.
S2: The β of a bipolar transistor increases if the doping concentration in the base
in increased
Which one of the following is correct?
(a) S1 is FALSE and S2 is TRUE (b) both S1 and S2 are TRUE
(c) both S1 and S2 are FALSE (d) S1 is TRUE and S2 is FALSE

9. An ideal op-amp is an ideal
(a) voltage controlled current source (b) voltage controlled voltage source
(c) current controlled current source (d) current controlled voltage source

10. Voltage series feedback (also called series shunt feedback) results in
(a) increase in both input and output impedances
(b) decrease in both input and output impedances
(c) increase in input impedance and decrease in output impedance
(d) decrease in input impedance and increase in output impedance

13. A master slave flip-flop has the characteristic that
(a) change in the input immediately reflected in the output
(b) change in the output occurs when the state of the master is affected
(c) change in the output occurs when the state of the slave is affected
(d) both the master and the slave states are affected at the same time

14. The range of signed decimal numbers that can be represented by 6-bite 1’s
complement number is
(a) -31 to +31 (b) -63 to +64 (c) -64 to +63 (d) -32 to +31

15. A digital system is required to amplify a binary-encoded audio signal. The user
should be able to control the gain of the amplifier from a minimum to a maximum
in 100 increments. The minimum number of bits required to encode, in straight
binary is
(a) 8 (b) 6 (c) 5 (d) 7

16. Choose the correct one from among the alternatives A,B,C,D after matching an
item from Group 1 with the most appropriate item in Group 2.

Group 1 Group 2
P. Shift register 1. Frequency division
Q. Counter 2. Addressing in memory chips
R. Decoder 3. Serial to parallel data conversion
(a) P – 3 Q – 2 R - 1 (b) P – 3 Q – 1 R - 2
(c) P – 2 Q – 1 R – 3 (d) P – 1 Q – 2 R - 2

22. The Fourier transform of a conjugate symmetric function is always
(a) imaginary (b) conjugate anti-symmetric
(c) real (d) conjugate symmetric

25. In a PCM system, if the code word length is increased from 6 to 8 bits, the signal to quantization noise ratio improves by the factor
(a)8/6 (b) 12 (c) 16 (d) 8

26. An AM signal is detected using an envelope detector. The carrier frequency and
modulating signal frequency are 1 MHz and 2 KHz respectively. An appropriate
value for the time constant of the envelope detector is
(a) 500 µsec (b) 20 µsec (c) 0.2 µsec (d) 1 µsec

27. An AM signal and a narrow-band FM signal with identical carriers, modulating
signals and modulation indices of 0.1 are added together. The resultant signal
can be closely approximated by
(a) broadband FM (b) SSB with carrier
(c) DSB-SC (d) SSB without carrier

28. In the output of a DM speech encoder, the consecutive pulses are of opposite
polarity during time interval t1≤t≤t2. This indicates that during this interval
(a) the input to the modulator is essentially constant
(b) the modulator is going through slope overload
(c) the accumulator is in saturation
(d) the speech signal is being sampled at the Nyquist rate

29. The phase velocity of an electromagnetic wave propagating in a hallow metallic
rectangular waveguide in the TE10 mode is
(a) equal to its group velocity
(b) less than the velocity of light in free space
(c) equal to the velocity of light in free space
(d) greater than the velocity of light in free space

30. Consider a lossless antenna with a directive gain of +6db. If 1mW of power is fed
to it the total power radiated by the antenna will be
(a) 4mW (b) 1mW (c) 7mW (d)1/4 mW

37. Consider the following statements S1and S2
S1: At the resonant frequency the impedance of a series R-L-C circuit is zero.
S2: In a parallel G-L-C circuit, increasing the conductance G results in increase in
its Q factor.
Which one of the following is correct?
(a) S1 is FALSE and S2 is TRUE (b) both S1 and S2 are TRUE
(c) S1 is TRUE and S2 is FALSE (d) both S1 and S2 are FALSE

41. Consider the following statements S1 and S2.
S1: The threshold voltage (VT) of a MOS capacitor decreases with increase in gate
oxide thickness
S2: The threshold voltage (VT) of a MOS capacitor decreases with increase in
substrate doping concentration.
Which one of the following is correct?
(a) S1 is FALSE and S2 is TRUE (b) both S1 and S2 are TRUE
(c) S1 is TRUE and S2 is FALSE (d) both S1 and S2 are FALSE

42. The drain of an n-channel MOSFET is shorted to the gate so that VGS = VDS. The
threshold voltage (VT) of MOSFET is 1V. If the drain current (ID) is 1 mA for VGS =
2V, then for VGS = 3V, ID is
(a) 2 mA (b) 3 mA (c) 9 mA (d) 4 mA

43. The longest wavelength that can be absorbed by silicon, which has the bandgap
of 1.12eV, is 1.1µm. If the longest wavelength that can be absorbed by another
material is 0.87 µm, then the bandgap of this material is
(a) 1.416 eV (b) 0.886 eV (c) 0.854 eV (d) 0.706 eV

50. In a full-wave rectifier using two ideal diodes, Vdc and Vm are the dc and peak
values of the voltage respectively across a resistive load. If PIV is the peak
inverse voltage of the diode, then the appropriate relationships for this rectifier
are

(a)Vdc=Vm/p PIV=2Vm (b)Vdc=2Vm/p PIV=2Vm
(c)Vdc=2Vm/p PIV=Vm (d)Vdc=Vm/p PIV=Vm

51. The minimum number of 2 to 1 multiplexers required to realize a 4 to 1
mutliplexer is
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4

53. 11001, 1001 and 111001 correspond to the 2’s complement representation of
which one of the following sets of number?
(a) 25, 9 and 57 respectively (b) -6, -6 and –6 respectively
(c) -7, -7 and –7 respectively (d) -25, -9 and –57 respectively

54. The 8255 Programmable Peripheral Interface is used as described below.
I. An A/D converter is interfaced to a microprocessor through an 8255. the
conversion is initiated by a signal from the 8255 on Port C. A signal on Port C
causes data to be strobed into Port A.
II. Two computers exchange data using a pair of 8255s. Port A works as a bidirectional data port supported by appropriate handshaking signals.
The appropriate modes of operation of the 8255 for I and II would be
(a) Mode 0 for I and Mode 1 for II (b) Mode 1 for I and Mode 0 for II
(c) Mode 2 for I and Mode 0 for II (d) Mode 2 for I and Mode 1 for II

55. The number of memory cycles required to execute the following 8085 instructions
I. LDA 3000H
II. LXI D, FOF 1H
Would be
(a) 2 for I and 2 for II (b) 4 for I and 3 for II
(c) 3 for I and 3 for II (d) 3 for I and 4 for II

57. Consider the sequence of 8085 instructions given below.
LXI H, 9258 MOV A, M, CMA, MOV M, A
Which one of the following is performed by this sequence?
(a) contents of location 9258 are moved to the accumulator
(b) contents of location 9258 are compared with the contents of the accumulator
(c) contents of location 8529 are complemented and stored in location 8529
(d) contents of location 5892 are complemented and stored in location 5892

58. A Boolean function f of two variables x and y is defined as follows:
f(0,0) = f(0,1) = f(1,1)=1; f(1,0) = 0
Assuming complements of x and y are not available, a minimum cost solution for
realizing f using only 2-input NOR gates and 2-input OR gates (each having unit
cost) would have a total cost of
(a) 1 unit (b) 4 unit (c) 3 unit (d) 2 unit

60. A 1 kHz sinusoidal signal is ideally sampled at 1500 samples/sec and the sampled
signal is passed through an ideal low-pass filter with cut-off frequency 800 Hz.
The output signal has the frequency
(a) zero Hz (b) 0.75 kHz (c) 0.5 kHz (d) 0.25 kHz

75. A 1mW video signal having a bandwidth of 100 MHz is transmitted to a receiver
through a cable that has 40 dB loss. If the effective one-sided noise spectral
density at the receiver is 10-20 Watt/Hz, then the signal to noise ratio at the
receiver is
(a) 50 db (b) 30 db (c) 40 db (d) 60 db

77. Two sinusoidal signals of same amplitude and frequencies 10 kHz and 10.1 kHz
are added together. The combined signal is given to an ideal frequency detector.
The output of the detector is
(a) 0.1 kHz sinusoid (b) 20.1 kHz sinusoid
(c) a linear function of time (d) a constant

78. Consider a binary digital communication system with equally likely 0’s and 1’s.
When binary 0 is transmitted the voltage at the detector input can lie between
the level s-0.25V and +0.25V with equal probability: when binary 1 is
transmitted, the voltage at the detector can have any value between 0 and 1 V
with equal probability. If the detector has a threshold of 2.0V (i.e., if the received signal is greater than 0.2 V, the bit is taken as 1), the average bit error
probability is
(a) 0.15 (b) 0.2 (c) 0.05 (d) 0.5

81. Three analog signals, having bandwidths 1200 Hz, 600 Hz and 600 Hz, are
sampled at their respective Nyquist rates, encoded with 12 bit words, and time
division multiplexed. The bit rate for the multiplexed signal is
(a) 115.2 kbps (b) 28.8 kbps (c) 57.6 kbps (d) 38.4 kbps

89. A plane electromagnetic wave propagating in free space in incident normally on a
large slab of loss-less, non-magnetic, dielectric material with ε >ε0. Maxima and
minima are observed when the electric field is measured in front of the slab. The
maximum electric field is found to be 5 times the minimum field. The intrinsic
impedance of the medium should be
(a) 120 πΩ (b) 60 πΩ (c) 600 πΩ (d) 24 πΩ

90. A lossless transmission line is terminated in a load which reflects a part of the incident power. The measured VSWR is 2. the percentage of the power that is
reflected back is
(a) 57.73 (b) 33.33 (c) 0.11 (d) 11.11

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